Hochschulzugang in der Volksrepublic China

214 schwerpunktschulen - was a practice before the 1949, sporadically. was developed to include caders and intellectuals, best teachers taught there, much higher university rates. highly criticized and disbanded during cultural revolution. in 1978 start again. Deng Xiaoping: have to stand on two legs - raising quality in general, and schwerpunk primary, secondary, and universities". people are different, so education should be as well. also a pilot function for normal schools. 

Tapestries of higher ed, Hayhoe, in Chinese Education problems policies and prospects Epstein

p 120 idea of keypoint or priority institutions first introduced in late fifities, in attempt to raise academic standards by strenghtening resources of institutions intended to exercise intellectual leadership. abolished during extreme populism of cultural revolution decade and reintroduced after 1978. 

{Hayhoe 1996}

1958  -great leap forward

more focus on grassroots, self-reliance, indigenous... schools of traditional Chinese medicine, new universities teaching science and technology side by side. greater research initiatives encouraged, links between HEIs and CAS. It was at this time that the principle of identifying priority or "keypoint" institutions was formally introduced as a mechanism for foestering excellence and concentrating resources on a certain numbre of leading institutions.